piektdiena, 2025. gada 1. augusts

Descent of Celestials, Gandharvas, Dānavas, Kaṁsa, Pāṇḍavas

 janamejaya uvāca

devānāṁ dānavānāṁ ca gandharvoragarakṣasām

siṁhavyāghramṛgāṇāṁ ca pannagānāṁ patattriṇām

sarveṣāṁ caiva bhūtānāṁ saṁbhavaṁ bhagavannaham

śrotumicchāmi tattvena mānuṣeṣu mahātmanām

janma karma ca bhūtānāmeteṣāmanupūrvaśaḥ


Janamejaya said: O worshipful sir! I desire to hear from you in detail accounts of births, deeds, achievements among men, of Dānavas, Rākṣasas, Gandharvas, lions, tigers, snakes, birds, other animals and in short of all creatures that became incarnate in human forms.

vaiśampāyana uvāca

mānuṣeṣu manuṣyendra saṁbhūtā ye divaukasaḥ

prathamaṁ dānavāṁścaiva tāste vakṣyāmi sarvaśaḥ


Vaiśampāyana said: O king! I shall first tell you all about those Devas and Dānavas who were born amongst men.

vipracittiritikhyāto ya āsīddānavarṣabhaḥ

jarāsandha iti khyātaḥ sa āsīnmanujarṣabhaḥ


The best of Dānavas, who was known as Vipracitti, became that best of men, known as Jarāsandha.


diteḥ putrastu yo rājanhiraṇyakaśipuḥ smṛtaḥ

sa jajñe mānuṣe loke śiśupālo nararṣabhaḥ


O king! That son of Diti, known as Hiraṇyakaśipu, became king known as Śiśupāla.


saṁhlāda iti vikhyātaḥ prahlādasyānujastu yaḥ

sa śalya iti vikhyāto jajñe bāhlikapuṅgavaḥ


Younger brother of Prahlāda, who was known as Saṁhlāda, became the best of Bāhlīkas, Śalya.


anuhlādastu tejasvī yo ̍bhūtkhyāto jaghanyajaḥ

dhṛṣṭaketuriti khyātaḥ sa babhūva nareśvaraḥ


Youngest brother of Prahlāda, known as Anuhrāda, became famous as Dhṛṣṭaketu.

yastu rājañcchibirnāma daiteyaḥ parikīrtitaḥ

druma ityabhivikhyātaḥ sa āsīdbhuvi pārthivaḥ


O king! That son of Diti, who was known as Śibi, became famous king Druma. 

bāṣkalo nāma yasteṣāmāsīdasurasattamaḥ

bhagadatta iti khyātaḥ sa jajñe puruṣarṣabhaḥ


O king! That best of Asuras, who was known as Bāṣkala, became great Bhagadatta on Earth.


ayaḥśirā aśvaśirā ayaḥśaṅkuśca vīryavān

tathā gaganamūrdhā ca vegavāṁścātra pañcamaḥ


5 powerful and swift Asuras, namely Ayaḥśira, Aśvaśira, Ayaḥśaṅku, Gaganamūrdhā and Vegavāṅ.


pañcaite jajñire rājanvīryavanto mahāsurāḥ

kekayeṣu mahātmānaḥ pārthivarṣabhasattamāḥ


O king! These powerful Asuras were all born in the illustrious dynasty of Kekaya and became great kings.

ketumāniti vikhyāto yastato ̍nyaḥ pratāpavān

amitaujā iti khyātaḥ sograkarmā narādhipaḥ


Mighty Asura, who was known as Ketumānm became king Amitaujā of terrible deeds.

svarbhānuriti vikhyātaḥ śrīmānyastu mahāsuraḥ
ugrasena iti khyāta ugrakarmā narādhipaḥ

Great fortunate Asura, who was known as Svarbhānu, became king Ugrasena of feraful deeds.

yastvaśva iti vikhyātaḥ śrīmānāsīnmahāsuraḥ

aśoko nāma rājābhūnmahāvīryo ̍parājitaḥ

Great and fortunate Asura, who was known as Aśva, became invincible king Aśoka of great prowess.

tasmādavarajo yastu rājannaśvapatiḥ smṛtaḥ

daityaḥ so ̍bhavadrājā hārdikyo manujarṣabhaḥ


O king! That son of Diti, Younger brother of Aśva, who was known as Aśvapati, became mighty king Hārdikya.

vṛṣaparveti vikhyātaḥ śrīmānyastu mahāsuraḥ

dīrghaprajña iti khyātaḥ pṛthivyāṁ so ̍bhavannṛpaḥ


great and fortunate Asura, who was known as Vṛṣaparva, became king Dīrghaprajña on Earth.


ajakastvavaro rājanya āsīdvṛṣaparvaṇaḥ 

sa śālva iti vikhyātaḥ pṛthivyāmabhavannṛpaḥ 


O king! Younger brother of Vṛṣaparva, who was known as Ajaka, became Śalva. on Earth.

aśvagrīva iti khyātaḥ sattvavānyo mahāsuraḥ

rocamāna iti khyātaḥ pṛthivyāṁ so ̍bhavannṛpaḥ


Great Asura, who was known as Aśvagrīva, became king Rocamāna on Earth.


sūkṣmastu matimānrājankīrtimānyaḥ prakīrtitaḥ

bṛhadratha iti khyātaḥ kṣitāvāsītsa pārthivaḥ

O king! Intelligent and illustrious Asura, who was known as Sūkṣa, became illustrious king Bṛhadratha on Earth.


tuhuṇḍa iti vikhyāto ya āsīdasurottamaḥ

senābinduriti khyātaḥ sa babhūva narādhipaḥ


That best of Asuras, who was known as Tuhuṇḍa, became king Senābindu on Earth.

iṣupānnāma yasteṣāmasurāṇāṁ balādhikaḥ

nagnajinnāma rājāsīdbhuvi vikhyātavikramaḥ


That great Asura, who was known as Iṣupāda, became king Nagnajit of prowess famous around the world.


ekacakra iti khyāta āsīdyastu mahāsuraḥ

prativindhya iti khyāto babhūva prathitaḥ kṣitau


Great Asura, who was known as Ekacakra, became known on Earth as Prativindya.


virūpākṣastu daiteyaścitrayodhī mahāsuraḥ

citradharmeti vikhyātaḥ kṣitāvāsītsa pārthivaḥ

Great Asura, capable of displaying various modes of fight and known as Virūpākṣa, became known as king Citradharma on Earth.


harastvariharo vīra āsīdyo dānavottamaḥ

subāhuriti vikhyātaḥ śrīmānāsītsa pārthivaḥ


That best of Dānavas, known as heroic Hara, became famous and fortunate king Subāhu on Earth.


aharastu mahātejāḥ śatrupakṣakṣayaṁkaraḥ

bāhlīko nāma rājā sa babhūva prathitaḥ kṣitau


That Asura of great prowess, chastiser of his foes, known as Ahara, became king Bāhlīka on Earth.


nicandraścandravakrastu ya āsīdasurottamaḥ

muñjakeśa iti khyātaḥ śrīmānāsītsa pārthivaḥ


That best of Asuras, who was known as Nicandra and whose face was as beautiful as moon, became fortunate king Muñjakeśa on Earth.

nikumbhastvajitāḥ saṅkhye mahāmatirajāyata

bhūmau bhūmipatiḥ śreṣṭho devādhipa iti smṛtaḥ


Great, intelligent and invincible Asura, who was known as Nikumbha, became best of kings Devādhipa on Earth.


śarabho nāma yasteṣāṁ daiteyānāṁ mahāsuraḥ

pauravo nāma rājarṣiḥ sa babhūva narottamaḥ


That Asura, who was known as Śarabha amongst Dānavas, became king Paurava on Earth.

kupaṭastu mahāvīryaḥ śrīmānrājanmahāsuraḥ

supārśca iti vikhyātaḥ kṣitau jajñe mahīpatiḥ


O king! That greatly powerful and fortunate Asura, who was known as Kupaṭa, became famous king Supārśva on Earth.


krathastu rājanrājārṣiḥ kṣitau jajñe mahāsuraḥ

pārvateya iti khyātaḥ kāñcanācalasannibhaḥ


O king! Great Asura, who was known as Kratha, became king Pārvateya, as effulgent as a golden mountain.

dvitīyaḥ śalabhasteṣāmasurāṇāṁ babhūva ha

prahlādo nāma bāhlīkaḥ sa babhūva narādhipaḥ


That Asura, who was known as Śalabha the second, became king Prahlāda in the land of Bāhlīkas on Earth.


candrastu ditijaśreṣṭho loke tārādhipopamaḥ

candravarmeti vikhyātaḥ kāmbojānāṁ narādhipaḥ


That best of Daityas, who was known as Candra and who was as handsome as lord of stars - moon, became Candravarmā, king of Kāmbojās on Earth.

arka ityabhivikhyāto yastu dānavapuṅgavaḥ

ṛṣiko nāma rājarṣirbabhūva nṛpasattamaḥ


O king! That best of Dānavas, who was known as Arka, became king Ṛṣika on Earth.


mṛtapā iti vikhyāto sa āsīdasurottamaḥ

paścimānūpakaṁ vidvi taṁ nṛpaṁ nṛpasattama


O best of kings! That best of Asuras, who was known as Mṛtapā, became king Paścimānūpaka on Earth.

gaviṣṭhastu mahātejā yaḥ prakhyāto mahāsuraḥ

drumasena iti khyātaḥ pṛthivyāṁ so ̍bhavannṛpaḥ


That greatly powerful Asura, known as Gaviṣṭha, became king Drumasens on Earth.

mayūra iti vikhyātaḥ śrīmānyastu mahāsuraḥ
sa viśva iti vikhyāto babhūva pṛthivīpatiḥ

That great and fortunate Asura, who was known as Mayūra, became king Viśva on Earth.

suparṇa iti vikhyātastasmādavarajastu yaḥ 

kālakīrtiriti khyātaḥ pṛthivyāṁ so ̍bhavannṛpaḥ


That Asura who was youngest brother of Mayūra, who was known as Suparṇa, became king of Kālakīrti on Earth.


candrahanteti yasteṣāṁ kīrtitaḥ pravaro ̍suraḥ

śunako nāma rājarṣiḥ sa babhūva narādhipaḥ


Greatly powerful Asura, who was known as Candrahanta, became king Śunaka on Earth.

vināśanastu candrasya ya ākhyāto mahāsuraḥ

jānakirnāma vikhyātaḥ so ̍bhavanmanujādhipaḥ


Great Asura, who was known as Candravināśana, became king Jānaka on Earth.

dīrghajihvastukauravya ya ukto dānavarṣabhaḥ

kāśirājaḥ sa vikhyātaḥ pṛthivyāṁ pṛthivīpate

O king! That best of Dānavas, who was known as Dīrghajihva, became king Kāśirāja on Earth.


grahaṁ tu suṣuve yaṁ tu siṁhikārkendumardanam

sa krātha iti vikhyāto babhūva manujādhipaḥ


That Asura Rāhu, who was born of Siṁhikā and who persecuted sun and moon, became king Kratha on Earth.

danāyuṣastu putrāṇāṁ caturṇāṁ pravaro ̍suraḥ

vikṣaro nāma tejasvī vasumitro nṛpaḥ smṛtaḥ


Eldest of 4 sons of Danāyu, who was known as Vikṣara, became powerful king Vasumitra on Earth.

dvitīyo vikṣarādyastu narādhipa mahāsuraḥ

pāṇḍyarāṣṭradhipa iti vikhyātaḥ so ̍bhavannṛpaḥ


Second brother of Vikṣara, great Asura, became king of the country called Pāṇḍya.


balī vīra iti khyāto yastvāsīdasurottamaḥ

pauṇḍramātsyaka ityevaṁ babhūva sa narādhipaḥ


That best of Asuras, who was known as Vīra, became king Pauṇḍramātsyaka on Earth.


vṛtra ityabhivikhyāto yastu rājanmahāsuraḥ

maṇimānnāma rājarṣiḥ sa babhūva narādhipaḥ


O king! That great Asura, who was known as Vṛtra, became royal sage Maṇimāna on Earth.


krodhahanteti yastasya babhūvāvarajo ̍suraḥ

daṇḍa ityabhivikhyātaḥ sa āsīnnṛpatiḥ kṣitau


That Asura, who was the younges brother of Vṛtra, Krodhahanta, became king Daṇḍa on Earth.


krodhavardhana ityevaṁ yastvanyaḥ parikīrtitaḥ

daṇḍadhāra iti khyātaḥ sobha ̍vanmanujarṣabhaḥ


That Asura, who was known as Krodhavardhana, became king Daṇḍadhara.


kāleyānāṁ tu ye putrāsteṣāmaṣṭau narādhipāḥ

jajñire rājaśārdūla śārdūlasamavikramāḥ


O best of kings! 8 sons of Asura Kāleya were all born on Earth and became as powerful kings as tigers.


magadheṣu jayatsenasteṣāmāsītsa pārthivaḥ

aṣṭānāṁ pravarasteṣāṁ kāleyānāṁ mahāsuraḥ


Of 8 great Kāleya Asuras, eldest Jayatsena, became king of Magadha.


dvitīyastu tatasteṣāṁ śrīmānharihayopamaḥ

aparājita ityevaṁ sa babhūva narādhipaḥ

Second, as powerful as Indra, became king Aparājita on Earth.


tṛtīyastu mahātejā mahāmāyo mahāsuraḥ

niṣādādhipatirjajñe bhuvi bhīmaparākramaḥ


3rd great Asura, endued with great prowess and power of deception - magic powers, became greatly powerful king of Niṣādas.

teṣāmanyatamo yastu caturthaḥ parikīrtitaḥ

śreṇimāniti vikhyātaḥ kṣitau rājarṣisattamaḥ


4th of brothers became best of kings, Śreṇimāna.


pañcamastvabhavatteṣāṁ pravaro yo mahāsuraḥ

mahaujā iti vikhyāto babhūveha paraṁtapaḥ


That great Asura, 5th brother, became king Mahauja, oppressor of his foes on Earth.

ṣaṣṭhastu matimānyo vai teṣāmāsīnmahāsuraḥ 

abhīruriti vikhyātaḥ kṣitau rājarṣisattamaḥ


That greatly intelligent and powerful Asura was 6th brother became the best of kings, Abhīru on Earth.


samudrasennastu nṛpasteṣāmevābhavadgaṇāt

viśrutaḥ sāgarāntāyāṁ kṣitau dharmārthatattvavit

7th of brothers became king Samudrasena, famous all other over the Earth from its centre to the sea and he was learned in Śāstras.


bṛhannāmāṣṭamasteṣāṁ kāleyānāṁ narādhipa

babhūva rājā dharmātmā sarvabhūtahite rataḥ


O king! 8th of Kālakeyas, who was known as Bṛhana, became virtuous king, ever engaged in doing good to all creatures.

kukṣistu rājanvikhyāto dānavānāṁ mahābalaḥ

pārvatīya iti khyātaḥ kāñcanācalasaṁnibhaḥ


That mighty Dānava, who was known as Kukṣi, became king Pārvatīya, as effulgent as golden mountain.

krathanaśca mahāvīryaḥ śrīmānrājā mahāsuraḥ
sūryākṣa iti vikhyātaḥ kṣitau jajñe mahīpatiḥ

That mighty and powerful Asura, who was known as Kratha, became king Sūryākṣa on Earth.


asurāṇāṁ tu yaḥ sūryaḥ śrīmāṁścaiva mahāsuraḥ

darado nāma bālhīko varaḥ sarvamahīkṣitām


That handsome Asura, who was known as Sūrya, became on Earth that best of all kings Darada, king of Bāhlīkas.


gaṇaḥ krodhavaśo nāma yaste rājanprakīrtitaḥ 

tataḥ saṁjajñire vīrāḥ kṣitāviha narādhipāḥ


O king! Many heroic kings were born on earth from the race of Asuras called Krodhavaśa, of whom I have already spoken to you.

madrakaḥ karṇaveṣṭaśca siddhārthaḥ kīrṭakastathā

suvīraśca subāhuśca mahāvīro ̍tha bāhlikaḥ

kratho vicitraḥ surathaḥ śrīmānnīlaśca bhūmipaḥ

cīravāsāśca kauravya bhūmipāścaiva nāmataḥ

dantavaktraśca nāmāsīddurjayaścaiva dānavaḥ

rukmī ca nṛpaśārdūlo rājā ca janamejayaḥ

āṣāḍho vāyuvegaśca bhūritejāstathaiva ca

ekalavya sumitraśca vāṭadhāno ̍tha gomukhaḥ

kārūṣakāśca rājānaḥ kṣemadhūrtistathaiva ca

śrutāyurudvahaścaiva bṛhatsenastathaiva ca

kṣemogratīrthaḥ kuharaḥ kaliṅgeṣu narādhipaḥ

matimāṁśca manuṣyendra īśvaraśceti viśrutaḥ


They were Madraka, Karṇaveṣṭa, Siddhārtha, Kīṭaka, Suvīra, Subāhu, Mahāvīra, Bāhlīka, Kratha, Vicitra, Suratha, handsome Nīla, Cīravāsā, Bhūmipālā, Dantavaktra, Durjaya, Rukmī, Janamejaya, Āṣāḍha, Vāyuvega, Bhūritejā, Ekalavya, Sumitra, Vāṭadhāna, Gomukha, Kārūṣakā, Kṣemadhūti, Śrutāyu, Udvaha, Bṛhatsena, Kṣema, Ugratīrtha, king of Kaliṅga and Matimā, king who was known as Īśvara.


gaṇātkrodhavaśādeṣa rājapūgo ̍bhavatkṣitau

jātaḥ purā mahābhāgo mahākīrtirmahābalaḥ


Thes greatly fortunate, powerful and illustrious and the best of kings were all born on Earth of the race of Asuras, called Krodhavaśā.


kālanemiriti khyāto dānavānāṁ mahābalaḥ

sa kaṁsa iti vikhyāta ugrasenasuto balī


Great Dānava who was known as Kālanemi, became son of Ugrasena, king Kaṁsa on Earth.


yastvāsīddevako nāma devarājasamadyutiḥ

sa gandharvapatirmukhyaḥ kṣitau jajñe narādhipaḥ


Best of kings of Gandharvas, was born on Earth as Devaka who was as effulgent as Indra himself.


bṛhaspaterbṛhatkīrterdevarṣerviddhi bhārata

aṁśāddroṇaṁ samutpannaṁ bhāradvājamayonijam


O descendant of Bharat arace, Droṇa, son of Bharadvāja, who was not born of any woman, sprang from celestial Ṛṣi Bṛhaspati.

dhnviināṁ nṛpaśārdūla yaḥ sarvāstravittamaḥ

mahākīrtirmahātejāḥ sa jajñe manujeśvara


O best of kings! He was a hero of great achievements and the best of all those who were learned in the ways of using arms. He was most illustrious and most powerful.

dhanurvede ca vede ca yaṁ taṁ vedavido viduḥ
variṣṭhaṁ citrakarmāṇaṁ droṇaṁ svakulavardhanam

He was called learned in Vedas, as well as in science of arms by all men well versed in Vedas. He was a doer of wonderful deeds and pride of his race.

mahādevāntakābhyāṁ ca kāmātkrodhācca bhārata
ekatvamupapannānāṁ jajñe śūraḥ paraṁtapaḥ
aśvatthāmā mahāvīryaḥ śatrūpakṣabhayāvahaḥ
vīraḥ kamalapatrākṣaḥ kṣitāvāsīnnarādhipa

O descendant of Bharata race! O king! His son, heroic, surpassingly energetic and lotus eyed Aśvatthāmā, the terror of all his foes and great oppressor of all enemies, was born on earth from united portions of Mahādeva, Yama, Kāma, Krotha.

jajñire vasavastvaṣṭau gaṅgāyāṁ śāntano sutāḥ

vasiṣṭhasya ca śāpena niyogādvāsavasya ca


Begot by her husband Śāntanu, 8 Vasus were given birth to by Gaṅgā, on account of curse of Ṛṣi Vasiṣṭha and also from the command of Indra.

teṣāmavarajo bhīṣmaḥ kurūṇāmabhayaṁkaraḥ

matimānvedavidvāgmī śatrupakṣakṣayaṁkaraḥ


Youngest of them was Bhīṣma, who was dispeller of the fears of Kurus, who was greatly intelligent, who was great scholar in the Vedas and best of speakers and destroyer of enemy ̍s ranks.

jāmadagnyena rāmeṇa sarvāstraviduṣāṁ varaḥ

yo ̍yudhyata mahātejā bhṇa mahātmanā


That best of men, being learned in the science of arms and endued with great energy, fought with illustrious Paraśurāma, son of Jamadagni.

yastu rājankṛpo nāma brahmarṣirabhavatkṣitau

rudrāṇāṁ tu gaṇādviddhi saṁbhūtamatipauruṣam


O king! That Brāhmaṇa Ṛṣi, who was known as Kṛpa, was embodiment of all manliness, was born of Rudragaṇas.

śakunirnāma yastvāsīdrājā loke mahārathaḥ

dvāparaṁ viddhi taṁ rājansaṁbhūtamarimardanam


O king! That king and great car warrior, that chastiser of foes, who was known as Śakuni, know him to be Dvāpara himself.

sātyakiḥ satyasandhaśca yo ̍sau vṛṣṇikulodvahaḥ

pakṣātsa jajñe mahatāṁ devānāmarimardanaḥ


He who was known as Sātyaki, upholder of pride of Vṛṣṇis and chastiser of foes, was born of the portion of celestial Maruts.

drupadaścaiva rājarṣistata evābhavadgaṇāt

mānuṣe nṛpaloke ̍sminsarvaśastrabhṛtāṁ varaḥ


That king Drupada, best of all wielders of arms, was also born of portions of the same Maruts.


tataśca kṛtavarmāṇāṁ viddhi rājañjanādhipam

tamapratimakarmāṇaṁ kṣatriyarṣabhasattamam


O king! Know that Kṛtavarmā, that king, of matchless deeds, that best of Kṣatriyas. 

marutāṁ tu gaṇādviddhi saṁjātamarimardanam

virāṭaṁ nāma pararāṣṭraparatāpanam


That chastiser of foes, was also born of the same celestials. King Viāṭa, conqueror of other kingdoms, was also born of the same celestials.

ariṣṭāyāstu yaḥ putro haṁsa ityabhiviśrutaḥ

sa gandharvapatirjajñe kuruvaṁśavivardhanaḥ


That son of Ariṣṭa, known as Haṁsa, king of Gandharvas, was born to increase Kuru race.

dhṛtarāṣṭra iti khyātaḥ kṛṣṇadvaipāyanātmajaḥ

dīrghabāhurmahātejāḥ prajñācakṣurnarādhipaḥ


He was known on Earth as Dhṛtarāṣṭra, son of Kṛṣṇa Dvaipāyana. He had long arms, he was greatly powerful and he was king with prophetic eyes.

māturdoṣādṛṣeḥ kopādandha eva vyajāyata

tathaivāvarajo bhrātā mahāsattvo mahābalaḥ

sa pāṇḍuriti vikhyātaḥ satyadharmarataḥ śuci


He became blind for the fault of his mother and anger of Ṛṣi. His younger brother was greatly powerful and strong. He was known as Pāṇḍu and was devoted to truth, virtue and purity.


atrestu sumahābhāgaṁ putraṁ putravataḥ varam

viduraṁ viddhi taṁ loke jātaṁ buddhimatāṁ varam


know, that he who was known as Vidura, he was the best of all virtuous men. He was god of justice himself who was excellent and greatly fortunate son of atri - Sūrya.

kaleraṁśastu saṁjajñe bhuvi duryodhano nṛpaḥ

durbuddhirdurmatiścaiva kurūṇāmayaśaskaraḥ


Evil and wicked minded king Duryodhana, destroyer of the fame of Kuru dynasty, was born of the portion of Kali.

jagato yastu sarvasya vidviṣṭa kalipūruṣaḥ

yaḥ sarvāṁ ghātayāmāsa pṛthivīṁ pṛthivīpate


O king! It was he who was the cause of the slaughter of all creatures of the world. He ruined Earth.

uddīpitaṁ yena vairaṁ bhūtāntakaraṇaṁ mahat

paulastyā bhrātaraścāsya jajñire manujeṣviha


It was he who fanned fire of hostility, great fire of destruction. Sons of Pulastya became on earth brothers of Duryodhana.

śataṁ duḥśāsanādīnāṁ sarveṣāṁ krūrakarmaṇām

durmukho duḥsahaścaiva ye cānyenānukīrtitāḥ


They were 100, Duḥśāsana, Durmukha, Duḥsaha and others, all wicked to extreme. I do not mention their names.


duryodhanasahāyāste paulastyā bharatarṣabha

vaiśyāputro yuyutsuśca dhārtarāṣṭraḥ śatādhikaḥ


All of them supported Duryodhana in his wicked acts. O best of Bharata race, they were all sons of Pulastya - Rākṣasas. Over and above these 100 sons, Dhṛtarāṣṭra had another son, Yuyutsu, begot on a Vaiśya woman.

janamejaya uvāca

jyeṣṭhānujyeṣṭhā tāmeṣāṁ nāmadheyāni vā vibho

dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putrāṇāmānupūrvyeṇa kīrtaya


Janamejaya said: O lord! Tell me the names of all the sons of Drṛtarāṣṭra beginning to the order of their births.

vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca

duryodhano yuyutsuśca rājanduśśāsanastathā

duḥsaho duḥśalaścaiva durmukhaśca tathāparaḥ

viviṁśatirvikarṇaśca jalasandhaḥ sulocanaḥ

vindānuvindau durgharṣaḥ subāhurduṣpradharṣaṇaḥ

durmarṣaṇo durmukhaśca duṣkarṇaḥ karṇa eva ca

citropacitrau citrākṣaścārucitrāṅgadaśca ha

durmado duṣpraharṣaśca vivitsurvikaṭaḥ samaḥ
ūrṇanābhaḥ padmanābhastathā nandopanandakau
senāpatiḥ suṣeṇaśca kuṇḍodaramahodarau
citrabāhuścitravarmā suvarmā durvirocanaḥ
ayobāhurmahābāhuścitracāpasukuṇḍalau
bhīmavego bhīmabalo balākī bhīmavikramaḥ
ugrāyudho bhīmaśaraḥ kanakāyurdṛḍhāyudhaḥ
dṛḍhavarmā dṛḍhakṣatraḥ somakīrtiranūdaraḥ

jarāsandho dṛḍhasandhaḥ satyasandhaḥ sahasravāk

ugraśravā ugrasenaḥ kṣemamūrtistathaiva ca

aparājitaḥ paṇḍitako viśālākṣo durādhanaḥ

dṛḍhastaḥ suhastaśca vātavegasuvarcasau

ādityaketurbahvāśī nāgadattānuyāyinau

kavacī niṣaṅgī daṇḍo daṇḍadhāro dhanurgrahaḥ

ugro bhīmaratho vīro vīrabāhuralolupaḥ

abhayo raudrakarmā ca tathā dṛḍharathaśca yaḥ

anādhṛṣyaḥ kuṇḍabhedī virāvī dīrghalocanaḥ

dīrghabāhurmahābāhurvyūḍhoruḥ kanakāṅgadaḥ

kuṇḍajaścitrakaścaiva duḥśalā ca śatādhikā

vaiśyāputro yuyutsuśca dhārtarāṣṭraḥ śatādhikaḥ

They are Duryodhana, Yuyutsu, Duḥśāsana, Duḥsaha, Duḥāla, Durmukha, Viviṁśati, Vikarṇa, Lalasaṅdha, Sulocana, Vinda, Anuvinda, Dugharṣa, Subāhu, Duṣpradharṣaṇa, Durmarṣaṇa, Durmukha, Duṣkarṇa, Karṇa, Citra, Upacitra, Citrākṣa, Cāru, Citraṅgada, Durmada, Duṣpraharṣa, Vivitsu, Vikaṭa, Sama, Ūrṇanābha, Padmanābha, Nanda, Upananda, Senāpati, Suṣeṇa, Kuṇḍodara, Mahodara, Citrabāhu, Citravarmā, Suvarmā, Durvirocana, Ayobāhu, Mahābāhu, Citracāpa, Sukhaṇḍala, Bhīmavega, Bhīmabala, Balākī, Bhīma, Vikrama, Ugrayudha, Bhīmaśara, Kanakāyu, Dṛḍhāyudha, Dṛḍhavarmā, Dṛḍhakṣatra, Somakīrti, Anūdara, Jarāsandha, Dṛḍhasandha, Satyasandha, Sahasravāka, Ugraśravā, Ugrasena, Kṣemamūrti, Aparājita, Paṇḍitaka, Viśālākṣa, Durādhana, Dṛḍhahasta, Suhasta, Vātavega, Suvarcasa, Ādityaketu, Bahvāśī, Nāgadattā, Anuyāyi, Niṣaṅgī, Kavacī, Daṇḍa, Daṇḍadhāra, Dhanurgraha, Ugra, Bhīmaratha, Vīra, Vīrabāhu, Alolupa, Abhaya, Raudrakarmā, Dṛḍharatha, Anādhṛṣya, Kuṇḍabhedī, Virāvī, Dīrghalocana, Dīrghabāhu, Mahābāhu, Vyūḍhoru, Kanakāṅgada, Kuṇḍaja, Citraka. Dhṛtarāṣṭra also had a daughter Duḥśalāabove these 100 sons. Dhṛtarāṣṭra also had another son born of a Vaiśya woman, Yuyutsu.

etadekaśataṁ rājankanyā caikā prakīrtitā
nāmadheyānupūrvyā ca jyeṣṭhānujyeṣṭhatāṁ viduḥ

O king! Thus I have told you the names of 100 sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and slso the name of his daughter. Their names are given in accordance of their birth order.

sarve tvatirathāḥ śūrāḥ sarve yuddhaviśāradāḥ

sarve vedavidaścaiva rājañcchāstre ca pāragā

They were all heroes, great car warriors and learned in use of arms. They were also well versed in Vedas and experts in statemanship.


sarve saṁgrāmavidyāsu vidyābhijanaśobhinaḥ

sarveṣāmanurūpāśca kṛtā dārā mahīpate


O king! All of them were mighty in attack and defence and all of them were learned. They married wives suitable to them in beauty and accomplishments.

duḥśalāṁ samaye rājansindhurājāya kauravaḥ

jayadrathāya pradadau saubalānumate tadā


At the marriageable age, king of Kurus at the advice of Śakuni, bestowed his daughter Duḥśalā on Jayadratha, king of Sindhus.


dharmasyāṁśaṁ tu rājānaṁ viddhi rājanyudhiṣṭhiram

bhīmasenaṁ tu vātasya devarājasya cārjunam


Know, O king! Yudhiṣṭhira was a portion of Dharma. Bhīma was that of Maruta. Arjuna was that of king of celestials Indra.

aśvinostu tathaivāṁśau rūpeṇāpratimau bhuvi

nakulaḥ sahadevaśca sarvabhūtamanoharau


Most handsome men amongst matchless beauties on Earth, Nakula and Sahadeva were portions of Aśvinīs.

yastu varcā iti khyātaḥ somaputraḥ pratāpavān

so ̍bhimanyurbṛhatkītirarjunasya suto ̍bhavat


He who was known as Varcā, son of Soma, became Abhimanyu of wonderful deeds, son of Arjuna.


yasyāvataraṇe rājansurānsomo ̍bravīdidam

nāhaṁ dadyāṁ priyaṁ putraṁ mama prāṇairgarīyasam


O king! Before incarnation of Varcā, Soma spoke to celestials thus: I cannot part with my son! He is dearer to me than life.

samayaḥ kriyatāmeṣa na śakyamativartitam

surakāryaṁ hi naḥ kāryamasurāṇāṁ kṣitau vadhaḥ


Let this agreement be made and let not that agreement be violated! Destruction of Asuras is the work of celestials, therefore it is our work also.

tatra yāsyatyayaṁ varcā na ca stāsyati vai ciram

aindrirastu bhavitā yasya nārāyaṇaḥ sakhā


Let Varcā go, but let him not stay long on Earth. Nara will be born as Indra ̍s son and he will have Nārāyaṇa as his friend.


so ̍rjunotyabhivikhyātaḥ pāṇḍoḥ putraḥ pratāpavān

tasyāyaṁ bhavitā putro bālo bhuvi mahātathaḥ


He will be known on Earth as powerful Arjuna, son of Pāṇḍu. My boy will be his son and even his boyhood will be great car warrior.


tataḥ ṣoḍaśavarṣāṇi sthāsyatyamarattamāḥ

asya ṣoḍaśavarṣasya sa saṁgrāmo bhaviṣyati


O best of immortals! Let him remain on Earth only for 16 years. On his 16th year great fight will take place.

yatrāṁśā vaḥ kariṣyanti karmavīraniṣūdanam

naranārāyaṇābhyāṁ tu sa saṁgrāmo vinā kṛtaḥ


In which your incarnations will kill innumerable heroes and in the fight in which Nara and Nārāyaṇa - Arjuna and Kṛṣṇa will not be present.

cakravyūhaṁ samāsthāya yodhayiṣyanti vaḥ surāḥ

vimukhañcchātravānsarvānkārayiṣyati me sutaḥ


In which, O celestials, Kuru heroes will fight with constructing Cakravyūha. In that fight my son will defeat all foes and compel them to retreat.

bālaḥ praviśya ca vyūhamabhedyaṁ vicariṣyati

mahārathānāṁ vīrāṇāṁ kadanaṁ ca kariṣyati


Boy will enter into that impenetrable Vyūha and will walk about the place. He will defeat and kill many heroes and great car warriors.

sarveṣāmeva śatrūṇāṁ caturthāṁśaṁ nayiṣyati

dinārdhena mahābāhuḥ pretarājapuraṁ prati


Mighty hero, within the course of half a day, will send one fourth part of the foes to the land of the dead.

tato mahātathairvīraiḥ sametya bahuśo raṇe

dinakṣaye mahābāhurmayā bhūyaḥ sameṣyati


Then towards the close of the day, many heroes and great car warriors will return to the charge and attack my son. Thereupon my mighty armed son will comw back to me.


ekaṁ vaṁśakaraṁ putraṁ vīraṁ vai janayiṣyati

pranaṣṭaṁ bhārataṁ vaṁśaṁ sa bhūyo dhārayiṣyati


He will beget one heroic son, who will keep alive almost extinct Bhārata dynasty.

etatsomavacaḥ śrutvā tathāsviti divaukasaḥ 

pratyūcuḥ sahitāḥ sarve tārādhipamapūjayan


Having heard these words of Soma, celestials said: Be it so! 

Then they all worshipped and praised lord of the stars - Soma.


evaṁ te kathitaṁ rājaṁstava janma pituḥ pituḥ

agnerbhārgaṁ tu viddhi tvaṁ dhṛṣṭadyumnaṁ mahāratham


O king! Thus I have told you accounts of births of your father and his father and son. Know, O king, the gret car warrior Dhṛṣṭadyumna was born of a portion of Agni.

śikhaṇḍinamathorājaṁstrīṁstrīpūrvaṁ viddhi rākṣasam

draupadeyāśca ye pañca babhūvuratarṣabha


Know that Śikhaṇḍin, who was previously a woman, was born of a portion of Rākṣasa. O best of Bharata race! Those who became 5 sons of Draupadī.

viśvāndevagaṇānviddhi saṁjātānbharatarṣabha

prativindhyaḥ sutamosaḥ śrutakīrtistathāparaḥ


Know, O best of Bharata race, were celestials called Viśvādevas. They were Prativindha, Sutasoma, Śrutakīrti.


nākulistu śatānīkaḥ śrutasenaśca vīryavān

śūro nāma yaduśreṣṭho vasudevapitābhavat


Śatānīka, son of Nakula and powerful Śrutasena. The best of Yadus, Śūra, became the father of Vasudeva.


tasya kanyā pṛthā nāma rūpeṇāsadṛśī bhuvi

pituḥ svastrīyaputrāya so ̍napatyāya vīryavān

agramagre pratijñāya svasyāpatyasya vai tadā

agrajāteti tāṁ kanyāṁ śūro ̍nugrahakāṁkṣayā

adadatkuntibhojāya sa tāṁ duhitaraṁ tadā

sā niyuktā piturgehe brāhmaṇātithipūjane


His daughter was named Pṛthā, who was matchless on Earth in beauty. Her father - Śūra, promised before fire that he would give his first born child to the son of his paternal aunt, king Kuntibhoja, who was childless. He gave his daughter - Pṛthā to that king, expecting to get his favour and king Kuntibhoja, adopted her as his daughter. She was engaged in her foster father ̍s house in attending upon Brāhmaṇas and guests.

ugraṁ paryacaradghoraṁ brāhmaṇaṁ saṁśitavratam

nigūḍhaniścayaṁ dharme yaṁ taṁ dūrvāsasaṁ viduḥ

tamugraṁ śaṁsitātmānaṁ sarvayatnairatoṣayat

tuṣṭo ̍bhicārasaṁyuktamācacakṣe yathāvidhi


One day she attended upon terrible and wrathful ascetic, vow observing Durvāsā, who was learned in the mysteries of religion and well acquainted with truth. She, with all possible care, gratified that self controlled ascetic.

uvāca caināṁ bhagavānprīto ̍smi subhage tava

yaṁ yaṁ devaṁ tvametena mantreṇāvāhayiṣyasi


Ilustrious man said: O fortunate girl! I am much pleased with you! To those of celestials whom you will call by this Mantra, that I teach you.


tasya tasya prasādāttvaṁ devi putrāñjaniṣyasi

evamuktā ca sā bālā tadā kautūhalānvitā


They will instantly come and by their grace you will give birth to an offspring! 

Thus addressed that girl, being much curious to see the effect of Mantra.


kanyā satī devamarkamājuhāva yaśasvinī

prakāśakartā bhagavāṁstasyāṁ garbhaṁ dadhau tadā


Called Sūrya when she was a maid. Illustrious god of light - Sūrya, made her conceive.


ajījanatsutaṁ cāsyāṁ sarvaśastrabhṛtāṁ varam

sakuṇḍalaṁ sakavacaṁ devagarbhaśriyānvitam


And she begot a son, who became the best of all wielders of arms. He was born with coat of arms and a pair of earrings and he looked as handsome as celestial child.

divākarasamaṁ dīptyā cārusarvāṅgabhūṣitam

nigūhamānā jātaṁ vai bandhupakṣabhayāttadā


And as effulgent as sun and every part of his body was well embellished. From the fear of her friends and relatives, privately.


utsasarja jale kuntī taṁ kumāraṁ yaśasvinam

tamutsṛṣṭaṁ jale garbhaṁ rādhābhartā mahāyaśāḥ


She throw that illustrious son into river, was taken up by illustrious husband of Rādhā.


rādhāyāṁ kalpayāmāsa putraṁ so ̍dhirathastadā

cakraturnāmadheyaṁ ca tasya bālasya tāvubhau

dampatīva suṣeṇeti dikṣu sarvāsu viśrutam

saṁvardhamāno balavānsarvāstreṣūttamo ̍bhavat


Adhiratha - husband of Rādhā made child his son and couple then gave him name of vasusena, by and by this name he was known all over the country. As he grew up, he became very strong and excellent in all the use of all weapons.

vedāṅgāni ca sarvāṇi jajāpa jayatāṁ varaḥ

yasminkāle japannāste dhīmānsatyaparākramaḥ

nādeyaṁ brāhmaṇeṣvāsīttasminkāle mahātmanaḥ

tamindro brāhmaṇo bhūtvā putrārthe bhūtabhāvanaḥ


He became the best victor and learned in all Vedāṅgas, When that wise and truthful man was doing his japa, then there was nothing to that high souled man which he could not give to Brāhmaṇas. To do good to his son - Arjuna, illustrious Indra one day assuming the form of Brāhmaṇa.

yayāce kuṇḍale vīraṁ vīraṁ kavacaṁ ca sahāṅgajam

utkṛtya karṇo hyadadatkavacaṁ kuṇḍale tathā


Begged from him his earrings and his natural coat of arms.Removing earrings and the coat of arms from his ear and breast, he gave them ho Indra.


śaktiṁ śakro dadau tasmai vismitaścedamabravīt

devāsura manuṣyāṇāṁ gandharvoragarakṣasām


indra, who was much surprised by his liberality, presented him with a dart and spoke to him thus: Devas, Asuras, gandharvas, Rākṣasas, Uragas or men.


yasminkṣepsyasi durdhaṁrṣaṁ sa eko na bhaviṣyati

purā nāma ca tasyāsīdvasuṣeṇa iti kṣitau


At whomever, O hero, you will hurt this weapon, he will certainly be killed. Pārtha was previously known by the name of Vasusena.


tato vaikartanaḥ karṇaḥ karmaṇā tena so ̍bhavat

āmuktakavaco vīro yastu jajñe mahāyaśāḥ


But his mighty deeds, he was subsequently called Karṇa, because greatly illustrious hero removed his natural coat of Arms from his breast.


sa karṇa iti vikhyātaḥ pṛthāyāḥ prathamaḥ sutaḥ

sa tu sūtakule vīro vavṛdhe rājasattama


He, the eldes Pārtha, was called Karṇa. O best of kings! He thus began to grow up in Sūta caste.

duryodhanasya sacivaṁ mitraṁ śatruvināśanam

divākarasya taṁ viddhi rājannaṁśamanuttamam

yastu nārāyaṇo nāma devadeva sanātanaḥ

tasyāṁśo mānuṣvesīd vāsudevaḥ vāsudevaḥ pratāpavān


Karṇa, the best of kings! Expert in the use of all arms, destroyer of his foes, became friend and counsellor of Duryodhana. Know, he was born of a portion of the sun. Of that god of gods, that everlasting Being, whose name is Nārāyaṇa, powerful Vāsudeva - Kṛṣṇa, was a portion in the world of men.


śeṣasyāṁśaśca nāgasya baladevo mahābalaḥ

sanatkumāraṁ pradyumnaṁ viddhi rājan mahaujasam

evamanye manuṣyendrā bahavoṁ ̍śā divaukasām

jajñire vasudevasya kule kulavivardhanāḥ


Baladeva was a portion of Nāga Śeṣa. O king! Know that greatly energetic Pradyumna was a portion of Sanatkumāra. Thus many dwellers of heaven became great men on Earth, in the race of Vasudeva, thus increasing its glory.


gaṇastvapsarasāṁ yo vai mayā rājan prakīrtitaḥ

tasya bhāgaḥ kṣitau niyogād vāsavasya ha


O king! Apsaras, of whom I have already spoken, were also born on Earth in portions as ordained by Indra.

tāni ṣoḍaśa devīnāṁ sahasrāṇi narādhipa
babhūvurmānuṣe loke vāsudevaparigrahaḥ
śriyastu bhāgaḥ saṁjajñe ratyarthaṁ pṛthivītale

O king! 16,000 portions of these celestial ladies became in the world of men wives of Vāsudeva. A portion of Śrī - Lakṣmī herself, became incarnate on Earth out of love for Nārāyaṇa.

Bhīṣmakasya kule sādhvī rukmiṇī nāma nāmataḥ
draupadī tvatha saṁjajñe śacībhāgādaninditā
drupadasya kule kanyā vedimadhyādaninditā

She was born in the race of Bhīṣmaka and illustrious lady was named Rukmiṇī. Draupadī was born from a portion of Śacī - wife of Indra in the race of Drupada and from the altar of sacrifice.

nātihrasvā na mahatī nīlotpalasugandhinī
padmāyatākṣī suśroṇī svasitāñcitamūrdhajā

She was neither tall nor short, she had the fragrance of blue lotus. Her eyes were like lotus leaves, her thighs were fair and round and her dense massess of hair were black and curly.

sarvalakṣaṇasampūrṇā vaidūryamaṇisannibhā

pañcānāṁ puruṣendrāṇāṁ cittapramathanī rahaḥ


She was endued with all auspicious marks and her complexion was like emerald. She was charmmer of the hearts of 5 kings of men - Pāṇḍavas.

siddhirdhṛtiśca ye devyau pāñcānāṁ mātarau tu te

kuntī mādrī ca jajñāte matistu subalāymajā


Goddesses Siddhi and Dhṛti became the mothers of 5 Pāṇḍavas. Goddess Mati became daughter of Subala Gāndhārī, wife of Dhṛtarāṣṭra.


iti devāsurāṇāṁ te gandharvāpsarasāṁ tathā

aṁśāvataraṇaṁ rājan rākṣasānāṁ ca kīrtitam

ye pṛthivyāṁ samudbhūtā rājāno yuddhadurmadāḥ

mahātmāno yadūnāṁ ca ye jātā vipule kule

brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyā mayā te parikīrtitāḥ

dhanyaṁ yaśasyaṁ putrīyamāyuṣyaṁ vijayāvaham

idamaṁśāvataraṇaṁ śrotavyamanasūyatā


Thus, O king, I have described to you the births of Devas, Asuras, Gandharvas, Apsaras, Rākṣasas, Those who appeared on Earth as invincible kings. Those illustrious ones who were born in extensive race of Yadus, those who were born as Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas, have all been described. This Aṁśāvatāraṇa - accounts of incarnations, which is capable of bestowing wealth, fame, long life, offspring and victory, should be heard with proper frame of mind.

aṁśāvataraṇaṁ śrutvā devagandharvarakṣasām

prabhavāpyayavit prājño na kṛcchreṣvavasīdati


Hearing incarnations of Devas, Asuras, Gandharvas, learned person, thus knowing the mystery of creation, preservation and destruction, does not feel depressed, even in the greatest sorrow.




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Bhīma

The Sanskrit word  भीम  ( Bhīma ), which can also be transliterated as  Bhim  or  Bheema , translates to  "terrifying," "form...